Abstract

HEALING THROUGH NATURE: THE RESPIRATORY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL BENEFITS OF BANAFSHAH (VIOLA ODORATA LINN) IN UNANI MEDICINE

Abdul Wahab*, Aisha Siddiqui, Umar Jahngir, Ayman Kirmani, Anwar Jamal and Rasikh Javaid

Abstract

Viola odorata, commonly known as sweet violet, has been widely used in traditional medicine for its respiratory benefits. The plant’s active compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and mucilage, contribute to its therapeutic properties, such as cough suppression, expectorant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and antimicrobial action. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of Viola odorata respiratory effects based on traditional uses, pharmacological studies, and experimental evidence. While most studies have been conducted in animal models or in vitro, they provide substantial support for its historical use in treating respiratory conditions like coughs, bronchitis, and asthma. Further clinical studies are needed to validate these findings in human populations.

Keywords: This review aims to summarize the current understanding of Viola odorata respiratory effects based on traditional uses, pharmacological studies, and experimental evidence.