Abstract

THE COMPLEMENT AS THE SUPERSYSTEM OF INNATE IMMYNITY OF ORGANISM: COMMUNICATION WAYS BETWEEN THE HUMAN COMPLEMENT AND OTHER PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS AT THE LEVEL OF INTERACTING AND RECOGNIZING MOLECULES AND RECEPTORS

Lakhtin M. V., Lakhtin V. M.* and Aleshkin V. A.

Abstract

It is shown for the first time that a lot of proteins and their fragments (more than 120 types) and non-protein participants of the human complement system (HCS) are involved in the network of communicative relationships with other protective systems. Such a variety demonstrates extended and deep relationships between HCS and other protective systems of organism at the level of interactions between molecules and/or receptors. Many participants are involved in recognition and communication with and between natural glycoconjugates involving signals and other regulator types. A feature of the protective super-network of HCS, the blood coagulation system, cytokines, Toll-like receptors and CD antigens of the body is the wide participation of serine proteinases EC 3.4.21.-., which function through different mechanisms (including their assembly, cascade action, to be as activation or inhibition factorsin respect of other proteinases), their inhibitors, activators and stabilizers in the communications. Despite the large number of molecular and receptor participants linking defense systems in the case of infectious diseases, the communication relationships between HCS and other human defense systems are predictable due to the known pathways, their cascade properties and knowledge of the switching locations between systems. Important (key) for studying the super-protective innate system of the body remain the close cooperation of Lectins—Glycoconjugates interactions/ recognition and the net of action by serine proteinases. The deeper knowledge on the extended HCS as protective super-network will help against the strategies of microbial and viral pathogens which are able to use the human innate immunity in some cases of diseases.

Keywords: Human innate immunity, Extended complement system, Components and Participants, Glycoconjugates, Lectins, Serine proteinases, Assembling.