Abstract

EVALUATION OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

R. Jothi*, Karthikeyan B., Dr. T. Vithya, Dr. Manoharn B., Premalatha and Shabeeb Ahamed A. T.

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is marked by a rapid decline in kidney function, identified by elevated serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and reduced urine output. AKI is common among hospitalized patients and it poses significant health risks and contributes to global morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, and management of AKI. This study was conducted for a period of nine months at St. Philomena’s Hospital, Bengaluru and enrolled 143 patients. The prevalence rate of AKI was 3.37%, with males (64.33%) being more affected than females (35.66%). Most cases occurred in individuals aged 61 years and older. The common risk factors were Hypertension (8.39%), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (22.37%), and followed by Acute Gastroenteritis. The management strategies include administration of intravenous fluids (24.47%), antihypertensives (2.79%), diuretics (0.69%), and oral hypoglycaemic agents, with 14.68% requiring dialysis. Addressing AKI risk factors and implementing effective treatments are crucial for reducing its prevalence and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Chronic kidney disease, Acute gastroenteritis, Acute on chronic kidney disease.