Abstract

EVALUATION OF GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS: A SIX-MONTH ANALYSIS OF PHARMACIST INTERVENTION

Syed Afzal Uddin Biyabani*, Syed Raziuddin Faisal, Neelkantreddy Patil

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition marked by hyperglycemia, arises from defects in insulin secretion, action, or both. Effective glycemic control is essential to prevent complications. This study assesses changes in fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), and HbA1c levels over six months, emphasizing the impact of pharmacist-provided education. Methods: A six-month prospective study included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus divided into intervention and control groups. Baseline FBS, PPBS, and HbA1c levels were recorded. The intervention group received pharmacist education on medication adherence, diet, and lifestyle. Glycemic parameters were measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Statistical analysis compared outcomes between groups. Results: At baseline, mean FBS was 120 ± 15 mg/dL, PPBS 180 ± 20 mg/dL, and HbA1c 8.5 ± 1.2%. Significant reductions were observed at 3 months: FBS 110 ± 14 mg/dL (p = 0.002), PPBS 160 ± 18 mg/dL (p = 0.001), and HbA1c 7.8 ± 1.0% (p = 0.003). At 6 months, further reductions were noted: FBS 100 ± 12 mg/dL, PPBS 140 ± 16 mg/dL, and HbA1c 7.2 ± 0.8% (all p < 0.001). Improvements were more pronounced in the intervention group. Medication adherence and diabetes knowledge also increased significantly (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Pharmacist-provided education significantly improved glycemic control, medication adherence, and diabetes knowledge. Incorporating pharmacist interventions into diabetes management enhances clinical outcomes.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Glycemic Control, Pharmacist Intervention, HbA1c, Medication Adherence, Patient Education.