Abstract

A REVIEW ON INSTRUMENTATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (HPLC)

Ambika Bala Nomula*

Abstract

HPLC, a versatile technique, is extensively utilized for separation and purification processes across various industries, including pharmaceutical, biotechnology, environmental, polymer, and food sectors. The method involves injecting a small volume of liquid sample into a flowing stream of liquid (mobile phase) that passes through a column containing stationary phase particles. The separation of mixture components is based on their varying degrees of retention within the column. As a form of liquid chromatography, HPLC employs a liquid mobile phase. Reversed-phase HPLC, the most common variant, features a relatively polar mobile phase and a relatively non-polar stationary phase. The HPLC system comprises a solvent reservoir, pump, injector, column, detector, and an integrator or data acquisition and display unit. The column, where separation takes place, is the core component of the system. HPLC analysis provides information on compound identification, quantification, and resolution. The technique finds significant applications in pharmaceuticals, food science, research, manufacturing, forensics, and environmental pollutant monitoring.

Keywords: Chromatography, Pharmaceutical, Biotechnology, Mobile phase, Column, Stationary phase, Retention, Detector, Reverse phase.