Abstract

MYCOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ONYCHOMYCOSIS IN KENITRA CITY (MOROCCO)

A.Aiboud*, A.Ouichou, A. El Hessni1, A.Fllaoui, M.Lahlou, J. Koufane, S.Masmoudi, M. Lakhmiri and A. Mesfioui

Abstract

Onychomycosis is defined as a fungal infection of the nail caused by dermatophytes, yeasts or molds. It affects between 2 and 26.9% of the general population. The epidemiological profile of onychomycosis is not well determined in Morocco. This study aimed to determine the etiology of these mycological onychomycosis in kenitra city in Morocco. A prospective study was conducted from May to December 2014 in the Regional Hospital Center El Idrissi of Kenitra and in collaboration with a private dermatologist doctors in Kenitra city. All patients consulting and suspected of a nail lesion were included and interviewed through a questionnaire that contains all of the epidemiological data about the patient. 40 patients were addressed to a medical analysis laboratory, the samples collected from the lesions have been the subject of direct examination and culture on the culture media of Sabouraudchloramphenicol actidione and Sabouraud-chloramphenicol. The identification was based on the type of fungus observed. The prevalence of onychomycosis was 62.5% (25/40). Women were more affected with a sex ratio of 3.44 (31/9) and the majority of patients were adults with an age between 31 and 60 years.Onychomycosis was localized in 97.5% of cases in the toes. Dermatophytic onychomycosis represent 79.16% (19/24) of the cases, Trychophyton rubrum was the most common species with 94.73% (18/19). Infection by yeast was rare and the only species observed was Candida albicans in 3 cases (7.5% of cases).

Keywords: Onychomycosis; kenitra city(Morocco) ; Dermatophytes; yeasts.