Abstract

THE ROLE OF GEL FORMULATIONS IN ADVANCING TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Komal S. Ghule, Supriya D. Bagade, Vikas R. Mane, Vivek B. Lanke, Yash S. Palve, Pavan S. Narkhede* and Prafulla R. Tathe

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Abstract

Gel formulations have emerged as a critical advancement in topical drug delivery systems (TDDS) due to their unique properties and enhanced drug delivery capabilities. This review explores the composition, mechanisms of action, therapeutic applications, and future directions of gel-based TDDS. Gels, classified as hydrogels and organogels, offer a versatile platform for both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. They facilitate drug delivery through diffusion, swelling-controlled release, and bioadhesion while incorporating penetration enhancers to improve skin permeation. Therapeutically, gel formulations are widely used for dermatological treatments, pain management, antimicrobial applications, and hormone delivery. Future innovations focus on thermosensitive, nanostructured, and stimuliresponsive gels, which promise controlled and patient-specific drug delivery. This paper underscores the importance of gel formulations in enhancing drug efficacy, patient compliance, and the potential for personalized medicine.

Keywords: Gel formulations, topical drug delivery, hydrogels, organogels, transdermal drug delivery, bioadhesion, penetration enhancers, controlled release, nanostructured gels.