Abstract

A REVIEW ON ULCER WITH A BASIC DETAILS AND TREATMENT

Kishan Tripathi* and Dr. M. K. Gupta

Abstract

Ulcer disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by the development of erosions in the lining of the stomach, duodenum, or esophagus. This review provides a concise overview of ulcers, encompassing their basic definition, etiology, common symptoms, diagnostic approaches, and current treatment strategies. The primary causes, including Helicobacter pylori infection and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) use, are discussed. Typical clinical manifestations such as epigastric pain are highlighted. The review outlines the importance of diagnostic methods like endoscopy and H. pylori testing. Finally, it summarizes the current treatment paradigm, which focuses on acid suppression, eradication of H. pylori when present, and lifestyle modifications to promote ulcer healing and prevent recurrence. Pathogenesis Briefly explaining the mechanisms involved in the formation of the ulcer, such as the imbalance between aggressive and protective factors in the gastrointestinal lining. Symptoms Outlining the common signs and symptoms associated with ulcers, such as abdominal pain (often epigastric), bloating, nausea, vomiting, and potentially more severe symptoms like bleeding. Complications Briefly noting potential complications of untreated ulcers, such as bleeding, perforation, obstruction, and in rare cases, an increased risk of gastric cancer.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Stomach, ulcer disease.