Abstract

OBSERVATIONAL CASE STUDY AND THERAPEUTIC OUTCOMES OF DRUG INDUCED MYOSITIS

Danthala Vijay Kumar, Dr. CH P S R Madhuri*, Dr. G Sumalatha*

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Abstract

Drug-induced myositis is an inflammatory muscle condition caused by the use of certain drugs, leading to muscle inflammation, pain, weakness, and swelling. This case highlights a 40-year-old male patient who presented with fever, muscle weakness, and difficulty swallowing after taking medications. He developed a rash over the neck and back and was diagnosed with drug-induced myositis based on muscle biopsy results. Laboratory tests showed elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT) and positive myoglobinuria, indicative of muscle injury. Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified in the patient's smear, which was sensitive to multiple antibiotics. The patient’s drug regimen included corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and nutritional supplements. Among these, colchicine and erythromycin were identified as the primary contributors to the myositis. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy was used to modulate the immune response and neutralize the autoantibodies responsible for the muscle inflammation. IVIg functions by binding to the drugs or their metabolites, modulating immune activity, blocking complement activation, and ultimately reducing muscle inflammation. This therapeutic approach led to improvements in muscle strength and function, offering a promising intervention for druginduced myositis. Risk factors for drug-induced myositis include age, gender, genetic predisposition, renal impairment, and pre-existing muscle conditions. Proper medication management, along withl ifestyle modifications like balanced nutrition, hydration, and gentle exercise, is crucial for preventing further complications. The case underscores the importance of identifying and discontinuing the causative drugs and initiating immunoglobulin therapy to prevent further muscle damage.

Keywords: Drug-induced myositis, immunoglobulins, colchicine, erythromycin, muscle inflammation, immunobulin (IVIg), muscle biopsy, Klebsiella.