Abstract

THE STUDY OF PCOS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (THYROID GLAND) AND LIFESTYLE MANAGEMENT

J. Lurdhu Mary*, Dr. G. Nagaraju, B. Savithri, G. Charan, K. Sathwika and T. Sowmya Sri

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, typically characterized by anovulation, infertility, obesity, insulin resistance, and polycystic ovaries. Lifestyle or diet, environmental pollutants, genetics, gut dysbiosis, neuroendocrine alterations, and obesity are among the risk factors that predispose females to PCOS. These factors might contribute to upsurging metabolic syndrome by causing hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress, hyperandrogenism, impaired folliculogenesis and irregular menstrual cycles. Lifestyle modifications and complementary and alternative medicines are preferred first-line therapy in many cases. Medications, including 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-glutaryl- coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, sodium-glucose cotransporter- 2 inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, mucolytic agents, and some supplements have supporting data for being repurposed in PCOS. This article focuses on the thyroid related issues with that of PCOS. This article also deals with the anatomy and physiology of thyroid gland, focusing on the related effects of PCOS on thyroid gland. The PCOS guideline recommends the promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviours in all women with PCOS.

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, thyroid gland, lifestyle management.