Abstract

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF AN EMULGEL FOR ENHANCED TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY

Ms. Komal Kadu*, Dr. Amol A. Harsulkar, Ms. Netal Sharma, Ms. Divya Kadam

Abstract

Emulgels have gained significant attention as a novel and efficient topical drug delivery system, particularly for the administration of hydrophobic drugs. By combining the structural features of both emulsions and gels, emulgels offer a dual-controlled release mechanism that enhances the therapeutic efficacy and stability of the formulation. These systems are primarily composed of either oil-inwater (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, which are gelled using appropriate gelling agents to form a stable, semi-solid preparation. The unique architecture of emulgels facilitates improved drug permeability, prolonged release, and increased bioavailability, while also ensuring user-friendly application due to their non- greasy, easily spreadable, and cosmetically appealing nature. Topical drug delivery systems are traditionally used for localized action in dermatological conditions, but recent innovations have expanded their utility to also achieve systemic effects. Conventional topical formulations like ointments, lotions and creams often suffer from drawbacks such as poor stability, limited drug penetration, stickiness and challenges in delivering lipophilic drugs. Emulgels overcome these limitations by offering better solubilization of hydrophobic drugs, increased skin retention time, and enhanced patient compliance. Emulgels are particularly useful for the delivery of drugs used in the treatment of acne, fungal infections, arthritis, inflammation, psoriasis, and other skin-related disorders. The formulation process involves preparing an emulsion containing the active drug and incorporating it into a gel base using surfactants, cosurfactants, and stabilizers. The final product is evaluated for parameters such as pH, viscosity, drug content, zeta potential, particle size, stability, and skin irritation to ensure safety and efficacy. The success and functionality of emulgels largely depend on critical formulation components like gelling agents, oil phase, and emulsifying agents. Their thixotropic nature, ease of removal, long shelf life, non-staining properties, and eco-friendliness make them superior alternatives to conventional semisolid systems. Given their versatility and therapeutic potential, emulgels are increasingly being explored in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, with a promising scope for future developments.

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