Abstract

PREVALENCE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN INFERTILE WOMEN POPULATION- A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Dr. Syed Aseem*, Mohammad Areefuddin, Sara Khan, Sana Fathima and Ayesha Siddiqua

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Abstract

Infertility is often seen in women who experience ovulatory dysfunction due to hypothyroidism, which is the most common endocrine issue. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), a milder form of the condition, is characterized by slightly Abnormal levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and normal levels of Free tetraiodothyronine (T4) can disrupt reproductive functions. Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the % prevalence of hypothyroidism in primary and secondary infertile women. Methodology: This is a prospective observational study conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Out Patient Department at Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana from 2023-2024 for 6 months. The study enrolled 100 women who were infertile and between the ages of 18 and 45. These women were attending the Out Patient Department for medical care. Cases were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Patient demographic information (age, weight, blood pressure, etc.), presenting complaints, Gynecological history (past history, last menstrual period, menstrual history, coital history, surgical history, etc.), and laboratory investigations (complete blood picture, Thyroid Profile, Prolactin, Blood sugar) were gathered. Result: The % prevalence of hypothyroidism was 17% among the infertile patients attending the Out Patient Department. In our study, out of the total of 100 cases, 73 were primary infertile and 27 were secondary infertile. Among 73 primary infertile women, 15 were suffering from hypothyroidism and only 2 hypothyroid cases were found in secondary infertile women. Among the 17 hypothyroid patients, 10 had subclinical hypothyroidism and the remaining 7 had clinical hypothyroidism. The highest number of infertile patients was found in the age group of 25-30 that is 37 patients. Conclusion: In a sample of 100 women who had experienced at least one year of infertility, it was found that 17% of them suffered from Hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism can be a prominent cause of infertility. Infertile women frequently suffer from hypothyroidism, which can be a contributing factor to their infertility. Further studies are warranted to enhance our comprehension of this condition and improve healthcare delivery.

Keywords: Infertility, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Prolactin, Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Clinical Hypothyroidism.