Abstract

SHASTRA IN BRIHATRAYEE – A CRITICAL REVIEW

Dr. Shweta T. Vambashe*, Dr. Aneesur Rehman Madni, Dr. Prasadshakti G. Gannur, Dr. N Parameshwari and Dr. Sunita Naikwade

Abstract

Shastras are essential surgical instruments described extensively in ayurvedic literature. This article explores the profound knowledge of shastras, with a primary focus on the contributions of Acharya Susruta. It elaborates on the classification of shastras, their akriti (shape), mana (measurements), methods of grahana (handling), and gunas (qualities) as well as doshas (defects). Acharya Susruta enumerated twenty types of shastras, each designated for specific surgical actions like chedana (excision), bhedana (incision), lekhana (scraping), visravaṇa (drainage), and seevana (suturing), forming part of the Ashtavidha Shastrakarma. The article also discusses shastra dhara, payana (tempering), and storage techniques mentioned by Acharya Vagbhata like shastra kosha. Acharya Charaka does not contribute much in this concept. Modern parallels in gripping methods reflect the timeless relevance of Susruta’s principles. This comprehensive surgical framework confirms Acharya Susruta’s pioneering role and justifies his title as the “Father of Surgery.”

Keywords: Shastras, Grahana, Chedana, Ashsavidha Shastrakarma, Payana.