Abstract

A REVIEW ON DIURETIC ACTIVITY

Dev Prakash Dahiya, Abhishek*, Anchal Sankhyan, Aditya Thakur and Richa Kumari

Abstract

Diuretics are pharmacological agents that increase urine formation by promoting the excretion of water and electrolytes, primarily sodium and chloride, while preserving essential nutrients. They play a crucial role in managing conditions like edema, hypertension, congestive heart failure, glaucoma, hypercalcemia, diabetes insipidus, and liver cirrhosis with ascites. Diuretics are classified based on their site of action within the nephron: carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, and osmotic diuretics. Each class has a unique mechanism of action and therapeutic application. While effective, diuretics can cause side effects, such as electrolyte imbalances, metabolic disturbances, and dehydration, necessitating careful monitoring. Combination therapies often enhance diuretic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects.

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