Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTI-LIPIDEMIC EVALUATION OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF CALYPTROCHILUM CHRISTYANUM (RCHB.F.) SUMMERH (ORCHIDACEAE) AND ITS FRACTIONS ON ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Sabastine Obinna Onugwu, Ginika Rosemary Uzor* and Adaeze Linda Onugwu

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is defined as an elevation of one or more of the following: cholesterol, cholesterolesters, phospholipids, or triglycerides in the body. Such triggers a lot of cardiocasvular dieasses with a high mortality. Herbal drugs containing active ingredients, plant parts or plant materials in the processed or crude state with certain anti lipidemic properties are useful agents used to treat hyperlidemia. Calyptrochilum christyanum though not widely documented, it’s association with the Orchidaceae family suggests it may share similar anti lipidemic properties as other orchid species. The study evaluated the quantitative phytochemical profile and the antilipidemic activity of the methanolic extract of Catlyptrochilum christyanum and its fractions. Quantitative assay was done using standard methods ad the atilipdemic assay was doe usig spectrophotometric analysis. The secondary metabolites present in the leaves of Calyptrochilum christyanum are in decreasing order are flavonoids >, phenols> tannins > glycosides> alkaloids> terpenoids > saponins > steroids > hydrogen cyanide. The antilipidemic results showed that the extracts demonstrated significant anti-lipidemic activity, increasing HDL levels and reducing LDL levels in a dose-dependent manner with the dichloromethane extract giving the highest percentage reduction. These findings confirms that Calyptrochilum christyanum has potential as a natural treatment for hyperlipidemia.

Keywords: Catlyptrochilum christyanum. Quantitative, phytochemical, anti-lipidemic.