Abstract

NEUROTOXIC AGENTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Roabut Bharti, Dipesh Prajapati*, Prasoon Kumar Saxena and Ram Dayal Gupta

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Abstract

In the review paper, we have studied about Neurotoxic agents, a wide range of chemical, biological, and environmental substances, which pose significant threats to the integrity and function of the nervous system. This review provides a comprehensive overview of major neurotoxic compounds including heavy metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and industrial chemicals, and their mechanisms of action on neuronal cells. It highlights how these agents induce oxidative stress, disrupt neurotransmission, impair synaptic plasticity, and lead to neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Particular emphasis is placed on the vulnerability of specific brain regions and cell types, as well as the long-term implications for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. The paper also discusses current methodologies for neurotoxicity assessment and emerging research tools such as in silico models and biomarkers. By integrating recent findings and perspectives, this review aims to deepen the understanding of neurotoxic risks and guide future strategies for diagnosis, prevention, and therapeutic intervention.

Keywords: Neurotoxic agents, Eco-toxicity, Arsenic, Neurodegenerative disorders.