Abstract

CAR T-CELLS IN ONCOLOGY: BREAKTHROUGHS, LIMITATIONS, AND NEXT-GENERATION INNOVATIONS

Ms. Aparna Arora, *Mohit Shrimali, Umme Hani, Sarthak Kothari and Umme Hani Mashriqi

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Abstract

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed cancer treatment by harnessing the body’s own immune system to fight malignancies. This personalized approach has shown remarkable success in treating hematologic cancers like leukemia and lymphoma. However, challenges such as treatment resistance, limited efficacy in solid tumors, and adverse effects like cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity remain significant hurdles. Recent innovations, including next-generation CAR designs, combination therapies, and strategies to enhance tumor targeting while reducing toxicity, are paving the way for broader clinical applications. Ongoing research focuses on overcoming the tumor microenvironment’s suppressive effects and improving CAR T-cell persistence. This review discusses the latest advancements, existing challenges, and future directions of CAR Tcell therapy, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize oncology further.

Keywords: CAR T-cell therapy, immunotherapy, T-cell Lymphoma hematologic malignancies, cytokine release syndrome, tumor microenvironment, solid tumors, nextgeneration CARs.