Abstract

“AN INTEGRATIVE OVERVIEW ON ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY (GARBHINI PANDU): AYURVEDIC AND MODERN PERSPECTIVES”

Dr. Hemant Malviya*, Dr. Sidheswar Sathua, Dr. Jageshwar Prasad Chaurasia, Dr. Sunil Patidar, Dr. Manju Chauksey and Dr. Manisha Sagore

Abstract

Background: Anemia in pregnancy, particularly iron deficiency anemia (IDA), remains a critical public health challenge globally, with a disproportionately high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. According to the WHO, approximately 40% of pregnant women are anemic, impacting maternal and fetal outcomes. Ayurveda describes a similar condition as Garbhini Pandu, primarily caused by Rasa and Rakta Dhatu Kshaya due to poor digestion (Agnimandya), improper diet, and the physiological demands of pregnancy. Methodology: This review-based conceptual study involved a detailed analysis of classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Kashyapa Samhita, etc.), standard textbooks of modern obstetrics, WHO and Ministry of Health guidelines, and recent peerreviewed research articles. Ayurvedic diagnostic concepts such as Samprapti, Lakshana, and Chikitsa Sutra were mapped to modern pathophysiology, classification, and treatment protocols. Ayurvedic formulations commonly prescribed for Pandu Roga were reviewed for pharmacological relevance and safety in pregnancy. Ayurveda emphasizes Agnideepana, Rasa-Rakta Dhatu Poshana, and Ojas vardhana for managing Garbhini Pandu. Classical preparations like Punarnavadi Mandura, Navayasa Lauha, Dhatri Lauha, and Draksharishta are widely recommended for their hematinic and rejuvenative properties. Nutritional recommendations include iron, folate, and vitamin B12-rich foods along with supportive lifestyle modifications such as rest, stress management, and regular antenatal care. Discussion: The Ayurvedic framework provides a holistic and individualized approach to pregnancy-related anemia. However, the lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials, formulation standardization, and integration with conventional antenatal care pose limitations. Further interdisciplinary research is warranted to validate traditional interventions and bridge gaps in maternal health management. Pregnancy-related anemia requires early detection and holistic management. An integrative approach involving iron supplementation, dietary corrections, and Ayurvedic support can enhance maternal health outcomes. Greater awareness and policy-level interventions are essential for effective anemia control in antenatal care programs.

Keywords: Anemia in Pregnancy, Garbhini Pandu, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Dhatu Kshaya, Agnimandhya, Integrative Medicine.