Abstract

SURGICAL ETHICS IN AYURVEDA: A REVIEW OF ETHICAL PRINCIPLES FROM THE SUSHRUTA SAMHITA AND THEIR MODERN RELEVANCE

Dr. Pooja Rani* and Dr. Mahesh Sharma

Abstract

Surgical ethics, though often considered a modern construct, has deep roots in classical Indian medical literature, particularly the Sushruta Samhita. This review explores the ethical framework governing surgical practice in ancient Ayurveda and its resonance with contemporary bioethical principles. Unlike modern texts that compartmentalize ethics, Ayurvedic treatises embed moral conduct seamlessly into the philosophy and methodology of clinical care. Through critical analysis of classical references, this article identifies foundational ethical themes, such as the surgeon’s moral and technical qualifications, informed consent, accountability, mentorship, and the boundaries of practice. Each theme is juxtaposed with modern standards like the Declaration of Geneva, National Health Policy 2020, and current surgical training protocols. By drawing parallels between ancient wisdom and current ethical imperatives, the review underscores Ayurveda’s timeless emphasis on patient welfare, professional integrity, and holistic responsibility. This exploration not only enriches the understanding of surgical ethics but also invites integration of traditional values into the evolving landscape of modern medical education.

Keywords: Surgical ethics, Ayurveda, Sushruta Samhita, Medical ethics, Informed consent, Ethical surgery, Ancient Indian medicine, Taskar Vaidya, Guru-shishya tradition, Bioethics, Medical professionalism, Classical surgery, National Health Policy, Ethical training