Abstract

ELECTROSPINNING HYBRID NANOFIBERS: CUTTING-EDGE FABRICATION TECHNIQUES AND REAL-WORLD APPLICATIONS

*Dr. C. Pandian, Sudhir V. V., Punniyamoorthy K., Praveen Rajan A. K., Navina S.

Abstract

Electrospinning has emerged as one of the most versatile and widely adopted techniques for producing nanofibers with controlled morphology and tunable properties. Owing to their high surface-areato- volume ratio, adjustable porosity, and excellent mechanical and physicochemical characteristics, electrospun nanofibers have found extensive applications in bio medicine, including drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering, and protective textiles. This article reviews the fundamental principles of electrospinning, highlights various modified electrospinning techniques such as blend, coaxial, emulsion, side-by-side, and multi-needle methods and discusses their roles in enhancing fiber structure and drug release performance. Additionally, the key characterization techniques for assessing nanofiber quality and functionality are summarized, followed by a detailed overview of their diverse applications. The growing significance of electrospun nanofibers underscores their potential in developing advanced therapeutic systems and functional materials for healthcare and industrial uses.

Keywords: Electrospinning; Nanofibers; Hybrid nanofibers; Controlled release; Tissue engineering; Wound healing.