Abstract

EXPLORING THE BIOACTIVE PROFILE OF ARKAPATRA (CALOTROPIS PROCERA) (AIT.) R.BR. LEAF: A PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL INSIGHT

Dr. Bhuwaneshwari A. Rajurkar* and Dr. Surekha T. Landge

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Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the standardized profile of Calotropis procera (Arkapatra) leaves by evaluating their physicochemical properties and conducting a preliminary phytochemical screening. Material and Method: The moisture content, ash values (total ash, acid- insoluble ash, and water-soluble ash), and extractive values in various solvents (alcohol and water) were among the physicochemical tests performed on fresh and dried Calotropis procera leaves. Standard qualitative techniques were used in the preliminary phytochemical study to find bioactive components like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, steroids, and phenolic compounds. Result: These findings will be useful towards establishing pharmacogenetic standards on identification, purity, quality and classification of the plant drug research. Objective: To investigate macroscopic, microscopic, qualitative physiochemical parameter of Arka (Calotropis procera) leaf. Conclusions: Physicochemical study of whole plant is helpful in sample identification and to ensure quality and purity standards of Arka (Calotropis procera) leaf. Result: The identification and purity of the raw medicine were confirmed by the physicochemical characteristics that were found to be within the permitted range according to Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeial standards. Several active constituents were found by phytochemical screening, especially alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins, which bolster its conventional medicinal claims. Discussion and Conclusions: The study establishes the basis for Arkapatra quality control in Ayurvedic formulations and offers useful data for standardizing the product. To support its medical usage, further thorough pharmacological and toxicological analyses are advised.

Keywords: Calotropis procera, Arkapatra, Phytochemical screening, Physicochemical analysis, Herbal standardization, Ayurvedic pharmacognosy.