Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON ENDOMETRIOSIS AND ITS SUITABLE HERBAL APPROACH

*Sabiya Praveen, Dr. Girendra Gautam, Atul Rana and Tarannum Fatima

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, affecting up to 15% of women in their reproductive years. It manifests with non-specific symptoms such as pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility, often leading to delayed diagnosis and reduced quality of life. Conventional treatments offer limited relief and are often associated with side effects or recurrence. Emerging evidence supports the role of herbal medicines as a complementary approach in managing endometriosis through multiple pharmacological pathways. Key targets include suppression of abnormal cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress, and prevention of ectopic tissue invasion and adhesion. Medicinal plants such as Curcuma longa, Achillea biebersteinii, Allium sativum, and Prunella vulgaris, along with phytochemicals like apigenin, curcumin, resveratrol, and β-caryophyllene, have demonstrated promising effects in experimental models. These natural agents exert therapeutic benefits by modulating signaling pathways, inflammatory cytokines, and hormonal responses involved in endometriosis pathogenesis. This review highlights the mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential of herbal medicines, suggesting their integration into multimodal management strategies for endometriosis while underscoring the need for further clinical validation.

Keywords: Endometriosis, Herbal medicine, Pathophysiology, Infertility and Phytotherapy.