Abstract

THERANOSTICS IN HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: ADVANCES, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

M. Nithya*, M. Dhivya

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Abstract

The advent of personalized medicine has significantly reshaped the management of hematologic malignancies such as leukemias, lymphomas, and myelomas. One of the most impactful innovations in this field is theranostics an approach that integrates diagnostic and therapeutic strategies within a unified framework. By combining advanced molecular imaging with targeted therapies, theranostics facilitates more accurate disease characterization and patient-tailored treatment, ultimately improving outcomes while reducing treatmentrelated toxicity. Conventional therapeutic options, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and stem cell transplantation, though widely used, are often limited by systemic side effects and the risk of resistance. Theranostic approaches overcome these challenges by employing genetic and molecular profiling to personalize treatment, thereby minimizing harm to normal tissues and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Key advancements include molecular imaging, radio immunotherapy, and the development of targeted theranostic agents. Molecular imaging enables visualization of disease at a cellular and molecular level, improving both diagnostic precision and treatment monitoring. Radio immunotherapy combines monoclonal antibodies with radiolabeled isotopes to selectively eliminate malignant cells while sparing healthy tissues. Similarly, novel theranostic agents are being engineered to deliver therapeutic compounds directly to cancer cells, reducing off target effects and optimizing response. Current research and clinical trials continue to explore these strategies, focusing on refining imaging technologies, improving targeted agents, and assessing long-term safety and efficacy. Collectively, theranostics represents a paradigm shift in hematologic oncology, with the potential to transform cancer care by advancing precision medicine, reducing adverse effects, and enhancing patient survival and quality of life.

Keywords: Leukemias, Lymphomas, Myelomas, Molecular Imaging and Theranostic Agents.