Abstract

MODERN APPROACHES IN DRUG DELIVERY COVERING VESICULAR CARRIERS NANOPARTICLES SOLID LIPID SYSTEMS AND INNOVATIVE ORAL DOSAGE STRATEGIES

Sengar Ashutosh*, Nikita Yadav, Priyanka Maheshkumar Kushwaha, Shivam

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Abstract

Innovations in drug delivery systems have revolutionized therapeutic treatments by enhancing bioavailability, targeting efficacy, and patient compliance. New approaches incorporate vesicular carriers, nanoparticles, solid lipid systems, and innovative oral dosage forms to overcome the deficiencies of traditional formulations. Vesicular systems such as liposomes, proniosomes, and niosomes provide controlled and targeted drug delivery, whereas naso-pulmonary approaches provide non-invasive delivery with rapid systemic absorption. Polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles impart increased solubility, stability, and targeted treatment potential, while oral delivery of proteins and peptides is maximized using nanoparticulate carriers to suppress enzymatic hydrolysis and limited permeability. Solid lipid particles and nanostructured lipid carriers provide controlled release, stability, and biocompatibility for both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Advanced oral dosage forms like mouth dissolving tablets, effervescent products, chewable tablets, and pulsatile/multiparticulate systems enhance patient compliance, quick onset, and therapeutic efficacy. Sustained and controlled release technologies like microencapsulation and liposomal systems further advance the accuracy and predictability of drug action. All these notwithstanding, translational issues, clinical scalability, and regulatory matters are still vital in large-scale implementation. Future directions focus on multifunctional carriers that combine targeting, controlled release, and patient-focused designs to address changing therapeutic needs. This review summarizes recent advances, strategies, and future directions in contemporary drug delivery, presenting a broad overview for researchers and clinicians seeking to maximize pharmaceutical therapies.

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