Abstract

BIOENHANCERS IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT: CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Puja A. Gunjal*, Ganesh B. Sonawane, Vijayraj N. Sonawane, Mayur S. Bhamare, Sanket N. Aher, Jayshri B. Bachhav

Abstract

Bio-enhancers, or bioavailability enhancers, are agents that increase the absorption and efficacy of co-administered drugs without possessing therapeutic activity of their own. Originating from traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda where they are known as Yogavahi bioenhancers have gained significant attention in modern pharmaceutical research due to their ability to overcome barriers like poor solubility, rapid metabolism, and drug resistance. This review highlights the classification of bioenhancers based on their source, mechanism of action, and therapeutic application, with key examples including piperine, quercetin, and curcumin. Their mechanisms—ranging from inhibition of P-glycoprotein and CYP450 enzymes to modulation of membrane permeability—are explored in detail. The review also discusses pharmaceutical applications such as fixed-dose combinations, nanotechnology-based formulations, and their role in reducing drug doses and costs. Current research trends include their use in biologics, targeted delivery systems, and personalized medicine. Despite promising benefits, challenges such as regulatory ambiguity, safety concerns, and limited clinical validation persist. The future of bioenhancers lies in the rational design of synthetic analogs, advanced delivery systems, and their integration into global health strategies. Overall, bioenhancers represent a versatile and evolving tool in enhancing therapeutic outcomes and optimizing drug development.

Keywords: Drug bioavailability, Pharmacokinetic modulation, Synergistic effect, Drug absorption enhancers, Gene therapy bioenhancement.