Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON PYRIMIDINE AND ITS DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS

*Rutuja Gite, Dr. Megha Salve

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Abstract

Pyrimidine is a fundamental heterocyclic aromatic compound that serves as a key pharmacophore in numerous bioactive molecules. Its derivatives exhibit remarkable antibacterial properties, attributed to their ability to interfere with bacterial DNA replication, protein synthesis, and cell wall biosynthesis. The increasing resistance of bacteria to conventional antibiotics has driven medicinal chemists toward designing novel pyrimidine- based compounds with improved potency and selectivity. The electron density, hydrogen bonding capacity, and molecular orientation of pyrimidine derivatives make them ideal scaffolds for antibacterial drug development. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structural characteristics, synthetic approaches, mechanisms of antibacterial action, structure–activity relationships, molecular docking insights, and future perspectives of pyrimidine-based antibacterial agents.

Keywords: Pyrimidine, Antibacterial activity, Drug design, Heterocyclic compounds, Docking, SAR.