Abstract

SHUNTHI (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE): AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW OF AYURVEDIC TRADITION AND MODERN PHARMACOLOGICAL EVIDENCE

Tejal Sonune*, Dr. Ketkee Nirmal

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Abstract

The dried rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc., vernacularly known as Shunthi or 'sonth', represents a cornerstone therapeutic agent in Ayurvedic pharmaceutical practice spanning several millennia. This medicinal herb demonstrates remarkable versatility in addressing multiple pathological conditions, including gastrointestinal disturbances, inflammatory processes, pulmonary diseases, and disorders of metabolism. The underground stem harbors an extensive spectrum of pharmacologically active chemical constituents— notably gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and zingerone—each contributing distinct antioxidative, inflammation-modulating, antimicrobial, antiemetic, and antineoplastic capabilities. Evidence from both experimental animal models and human clinical investigations substantiates its therapeutic utility in conditions including arthritic joint degeneration, emesis, metabolic dysregulation, glycemic disorders, and malignant transformations. The compound's extensive pharmacological spectrum, coupled with its excellent tolerability profile and adaptability to diverse pharmaceutical formulations, has positioned it as a valuable entity bridging traditional ethnomedicine and contemporary evidence-based therapeutics. The present comprehensive review synthesizes information regarding the ethnopharmacological heritage, biochemical composition, mechanistic pathways of action, and evidence- based therapeutic applications of Zingiber officinale. Particular attention is directed toward integrating classical Ayurvedic knowledge with contemporary scientific validation, thereby providing a holistic understanding of its medicinal value, inherent limitations, and prospective avenues for continued investigation and clinical implementation.

Keywords: This medicinal herb demonstrates remarkable versatility in addressing multiple pathological conditions, including gastrointestinal disturbances, inflammatory processes, pulmonary diseases, and disorders of metabolism.