Abstract

ANTI-ULCER POTENTIAL OF GREWIA TILIFOLIA ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST NSAID-INDUCED GASTRIC ULCERS IN RATS

Dr. Syed Abdul Jabbar Basha*

Abstract

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) results from an imbalance between gastric mucosal defense and aggressive factors such as NSAIDs, gastric acid, and Helicobacter pylori infection. Due to limitations of synthetic anti-ulcer drugs, plant-based therapies are being explored for safer and holistic management. This study evaluates the anti-ulcer properties of ethanolic leaf extract of Grewia tilifolia using an aspirin-induced ulcer model in Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening revealed flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, phenols, and triterpenoids, indicating strong antioxidant potential. Acute toxicity study (OECD 425) confirmed safety up to 2000 mg/kg. Rats were treated with extract doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, with omeprazole as standard. Ulcer indices showed significant reduction in treated groups: 27.58% protection (200 mg/kg), 39.84% protection (400 mg/kg), compared with 49.78% by omeprazole. Histopathology showed reduced inflammation, edema, and mucosal disruption. These findings suggest that Grewia tilifolia possesses dose-dependent gastroprotective effects through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mucus-enhancing, and cytoprotective mechanisms. The plant demonstrates strong potential as a natural alternative for NSAID-induced ulcer management.

Keywords: Grewia tilifolia, peptic ulcer, NSAIDs, phytochemicals, omeprazole, gastroprotection.