Abstract

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE PHARMACOGNOSTIC, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PERGULARIA DAEMIA (FORSK.) CHIOV.,

*K. P. Jaiganesh, P. Priyadharshini, R. Ragul, S. Rashmi, R. Sandhiya, S. Subash

Abstract

Pergularia daemia (family: Apocynaceae) is a widely distributed twining herb traditionally used in Indian folk medicine. This review summarizes its profile, taxonomy, botanical characteristics, pharmacognostic features, phytochemical constituents, and major pharmacological activities. Pharmacognostic evaluation—including macroscopic and microscopic examinations, powder microscopy, and organoleptic analysis—provides essential diagnostic parameters for correct identification of the plant. Physicochemical standards such as total ash, water-soluble ash, acid-insoluble ash, sulphated ash, moisture content, and extractive values further support its quality assessment and standardization for herbal formulations. Phytochemical investigations reveal the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, steroids, tannins, saponins, and glycosides, which contribute to its therapeutic potential. The plant exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Studies report its effectiveness as a phytomedicine and demonstrate antifertility, CNS depressant, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. These biological effects validate its traditional uses and highlight the significance of its bioactive metabolites. Overall, P. daemia represents a promising medicinal plant with multidimensional therapeutic value. However, despite encouraging preclinical evidence, further research is required to isolate active compounds, clarify mechanisms of action, establish dosage safety, and conduct well-designed clinical studies. Strengthening scientific validation will support its potential inclusion in evidence-based herbal and pharmaceutical applications.

Keywords: Pharmacognostic evaluation, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activity, antifertility, hepatoprotective.