Abstract

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ANDALIMAN FRUIT ESSENTIAL OIL (ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTHOPODIUM DC) AGAINST SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

Anzharni Fajrina*, Hendri Satria Kamal Uyun, Fitra Tri Ramadhan, Selvia

Abstract

Diarrhea is an increased frequency of defecation more than three times a day with liquid feces, often caused by microbes such as Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae bacteria. This research aims to test the antibacterial activity of andaliman fruit essential oil (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) against Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae as well as analyzing the composition of chemical compounds in the essential oil using the GC-MS method. Essential oils are isolated using water distillation. Characterization of essential oils was carried out by determining specific gravity, refractive index, and GCMS analysis. The results showed that the essential oil yield was 0.02% (v/w), the specific gravity was 0.8226 g/ml, and the refractive index was 1.465. GC-MS analysis identified 25 chemical compounds with the main components based on relative levels being Linalool 36.82%, Geranyl benzoate 17.91% and ?-Terpinene 7.78%. From the results of the antibacterial activity test of essential oils, the average inhibitory diameter against Shigella dysenteriae bacteria at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60% was 8.73 mm  0.46; 12.56mm  0.21; 15.33 mm  0.51, while for Escherichia coli bacteria the average inhibitory diameter at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60% was 8.96 mm  0.56; 11.43mm  0.74; 14.53mm  0.65. This research supports the potential of andaliman fruit as an antibacterial source.

Keywords: Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC), Essential oil, Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae.