Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF EUPHORBIA MILII LEAF EXTRACTS

A. Ch. Pradyutha and Uma Maheswara Rao V

Abstract

The present work explores the Phytochemical analysis and Antibacterial activity of leaves of Euphorbia milii plant. Leaf extracts of E.milii were prepared in Hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Acetone, Ethyl alcohol, Methanol and Water solvents. The resulted extracts of the plants were screened for Phytochemicals like carbohydrates, Tannins , Steroids, Terpenoids, Saponins, Flavanoids, Alkaloids and Soluble starch and for antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus MTCC 106, Arthrobacter protophormiae MTCC 2682, Rhodococcus rhodochrous MTCC 265, Alcaligens faecalis MTCC 126, Proteus mirabilis MTCC 425, Enterobacter aerogenes MTCC 10208 , Proteus vulgaris MTCC 426, Bacillus megaterium MTCC 428, Enterococcus faecalis MTCC 439, Streptococcus mutans MTCC 497, Salmonella enterica MTCC 3858, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 1688 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441. Of the seven solvent extracts of leaves of E. milii, ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts were found to be more positive towards the presence of maximum phytochemical constituents. Phytochemicals like Flavonoids and alkaloids were present in all the solvent extracts. Ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate extracts of E. milli were found potential and displayed very good antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The extracts that exhibited antibacterial activity were further subjected to the determination of the MIC and MBC using different concentrations. The MIC values ranged from 25mg/ml to 75mg/ml and MBC values from 50mg/ml to 100mg/ml. The results of this study revealed the antibacterial potential of the E.milii leaf material.

Keywords: E.milii, Phytochemicals, Antibacterial activity, MIC, MBC.