Abstract

A PHYTOPHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW OF COLOCASIA ESCULENTA: TRADITIONAL USES, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, AND MODERN APPLICATIONS

*Vaishnavi Kulkarni, Gayatri Mutrtadak, Snehal Zine, Jyoti Bhande, Vedika Dighe, Akshada Ighe

Abstract

Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, commonly known as taro, is a widely cultivated member of the family Araceae, valued for its edible corms and nutrient-rich leaves. It serves as an important food source in tropical and subtropical regions due to its high carbohydrate, protein, vitamin, and mineral content. Phytochemical studies reveal the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, phenolic acids, terpenoids, steroids, and cyanoglucosides, which contribute to its diverse pharmacological properties. Traditionally, various parts of C. esculenta have been used to treat asthma, arthritis, diarrhea, skin diseases, and neurological disorders. Modern research supports its antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities. Despite its nutritional and therapeutic importance, taro cultivation faces challenges such as Taro Leaf Blight (Phytophthora colocasiae), though development of disease-resistant varieties offers potential solutions. Overall, C. esculenta represents a nutritionally and pharmacologically valuable crop. Future research should focus on exploring its bioactive compounds, developing improved cultivars, and enhancing its utilization in food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries.

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