Abstract

SCIATICA: ETIOPATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSIS, AND INTEGRATIVE MANAGEMENT — A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

*Dr. Jasvinder Kaur

Abstract

Sciatica is a common neuropathic pain syndrome characterized by pain radiating along the course of the sciatic nerve, typically affecting the lower back, buttock, posterior thigh, and leg. It is commonly caused by lumbar disc herniation, spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, or nerve root compression. Sciatica significantly impacts quality of life and functional capacity worldwide. The prevalence ranges between 10–40% in adults, especially among middle-aged individuals. This review article discusses the anatomy, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic modalities, and current management approaches of sciatica from both modern medicine and Ayurvedic perspectives. Contemporary therapeutic modalities include pharmacotherapy, physiotherapy, epidural steroid injections, and surgical interventions, while Ayurveda correlates sciatica with Gridhrasi, a Vatavyadhi described in classical texts. Ayurvedic management involving Panchakarma, Basti therapy, Agnikarma, herbal formulations, yoga, and lifestyle modification demonstrates promising outcomes. An integrative approach may provide safer and long-term relief in chronic cases. This review aims to provide comprehensive knowledge regarding sciatica and highlight evidence-based integrative therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: Sciatica, Gridhrasi, Sciatic nerve, Lumbar disc prolapse, Ayurveda, Vatavyadhi, Low back pain, Panchakarma.