Abstract

THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL AND MODE OF ACTION OF AKSHITARPAN KRIYA KALP IN AYURVEDIC OCULAR CARE – A CRITICAL REVIEW

Dr. Naveen Shandil*, Dr. Akanksha Sharma, Prof. Dr. Vijayant Bhardwaj

Abstract

Ayurveda describes Shalakya Tantra as the specialized branch that deals with diseases of the organs above the clavicle, with Netra Roga (ocular disorders) being one of its major areas of focus. To preserve and restore eye health, it advocates a group of specialized ocular therapies known as Kriya Kalpa, among which Akshitarpan (Netra Tarpana) is considered one of the most effective. Akshitarpan (or Netra Tarpana) holds a central role. Derived from the terms ―Akshi‖ (eye) and ―Tarpana‖ (nourishment), this therapy involves the retention of medicated ghee or oil over the eyes for a prescribed duration, providing sustained lubrication, cooling and rejuvenation. Classical Ayurvedic texts advocate Akshitarpan for conditions associated with vitiated Vata and Pitta doshas, particularly in Drishti-gata rogas (vision-related disorders). It is traditionally indicated in ocular fatigue, macular degeneration, degenerative eye diseases, ptosis and computer vision syndrome, while also serving as a preventive measure to protect healthy eyes from age-related decline. Contemporary interpretations correlate its lipid-rich medium with stabilization of the tear film, reduction of oxidative stress and enhancement of ocular microcirculation, thereby supporting both structural and functional integrity of the eyes. Clinical observations suggest its efficacy in alleviating dry eye syndrome, ocular strain and early degenerative changes, while its rejuvenative properties contribute to long-term ocular resilience. This literary review aims to synthesize classical references and modern scientific insights to decode the therapeutic architecture of Akshitarpan Kriya Kalpa, delineate its standard procedural framework and critically appraise its relevance in integrative ophthalmology. By bridging ancient wisdom with contemporary evidence, the study seeks to reposition Akshitarpan not merely as a traditional therapy but as a paradigm of ocular sustainability, offering both preventive and curative benefits in the context of modern lifestyle challenges.

Keywords: Akshitarpan, Kriyakalpa, Netra Rogas, Shalakya Tantra, Eye Disorders.