Abstract

CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE AND BIOFILM FORMATION BY KLEBSEILLA PNEUMONIAE

Eptissam Younan Pirko*

Abstract

Klebseilla pneumoniae is important gram negative opportunistic pathogenic bacteria associated with nosocomial acquired infections. Aim of the presented study was isolation and identification of Klebseilla pneumoniae and evaluate the prevalence of Klebseilla pneumoniae biofilm formed in microtiter plate by a spectrophometric assay as a risk and virulence factor Also, study the resistance of this bacteria to many antibiotic which used in therapeutic, a fifty samples were collected from different patients from many Hospitals in Baghdad city during the period from February-August 2015. Klebsiella isolates (50 isolates) were as follows: sputum (14), urine (10), burn (9), wound (9) and blood (8). All isolate were identification by culturing on (blood, MacConkey) agar and a n a l y s e d according to morphological and biochemical tests, API 20 E system as well as vitek 2 system. Biochemical test performed were catalase, Oxidase, IMViC Test ( including: indole test, methyl red, vogas prosquar and citrate utilization) as well as urease production, and fermentation of sugars (glucose, sucrose, lactose and manitol, additional to H2S production on Triple sugar iron), so the antimicrobial resistance testing was performed for 12 different antibiotics.Most of isolates were obtained from sputum samples by 28 % (14 isolates) followed urine 20 % (10 isolates) while both of burn and wound have 18 %( 9) and finally blood infection 16 % (8 isolates). So (54%) of the isolates were produced strong biofilm, and (22%) were moderate produced biofilm, while (24%) were weak or non- produced biofilm. Bacterial strains were highly resistant to CEF (94.8,90.9)% respectively in K. pneumoniae form and non-form biofilm respectively, so more sensitive (0%)to GEN and IMP in form and non-form biofilm respectively, Also, K. pneumoniae positive biofilm showed (89.7,7.6 ,89.7,94.8,74.3,46, 0,0, 25.6,56.44, 58.94,58.94,35.8,64.1and76.9)% respectively resistance to Ampicillin, Amikacin, Amoxicillin; Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime; Ciprofloxacin; Gentamicin, Imipenem; nitrofurantoin; pipracillin; tobramycin; tetracycline; Norfloxacin; Nalidixic acid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole respectively, compared to the (81.8,0, 81.8,90.9,63.6,27.2,0,0,27.2,54.5,18.1,36.3,18.1,54.5and27.2) % respectively resistance by non-form biofilm for the respective antibiotics Conclusion: Our data indicate all most isolates of Klebseilla pneumoniae form biofilm and these bacteria were more resistance to antibiotics comparative to isolate that non- form biofilm.

Keywords: biofilm; Klebseilla pneumoniae, polystyrene microtiter plates, Antibiotics.