Abstract

A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY ON CORRELATION BETWEEN HYPERGLYCEMIA, GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN, LIPID AND OXIDATIVE STRESS VARIABLES IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS SUBJECTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL ANALYSIS.

Zephy Doddigarla, Iqbal Parwez and Jamal Ahmad*

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to test whether melatonin has an effect on glucose, lipids, and oxidative stress variables in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects. DESIGN & METHODS: Fifty T2DM patients and fifty healthy individuals were included in the study. T2DM diagnosis was made according to norms laid by American Diabetes Association. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and Lipid profile were quantified by commercial kits. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was estimated by HPLC method. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity, catalase, and nitric oxide were determined. Reduced glutathione was also determined by the method of Ellman’s. The oxidative stress variables were measured with micro-volume spectrophotometer. Melatonin was estimated using the radioimmunoassay kit. RESULTS: The authors observed low melatonin and glutathione levels and increased FBS, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, low density lipoproteins, HbA1c, and MDA levels in T2DM group compared with healthy controls. Further in the patient group, a positive correlation was observed between MDA and FBS (R2=0.2681), HbA1C and FBS (R2=0.381), HbA1C and MDA (R2=0.348) and the negative correlation between HbA1c and melatonin (R2=-0.363). In the control group, we found positive correlation between glutathione and melatonin (R2=0.569), and negative correlation between HbA1c and melatonin (R2=-0.329), MDA and melatonin (R2=-0.297) respectively. CONCLUSION: We conclude that lipid peroxidation increases in patients with T2DM, is due to melatonin deficiency, oxidative stress and T2DM. Antioxidant defense system in normal aging is able to compensate for the peroxidation products. However, this compensation mechanism may become insufficient due to the decreased melatonin secretion in the aging subjects who are prone to T2DM.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Oxidative stress, Aging, Melatonin, Malondialdehyde, Glutathione.