Abstract

UTILITY OF HbA1c LEVELS FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS IN A RANDOM STUDY AT OWAISI HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTRE

Dr. Syeda Zaineb Humaira Hussaini*, Dr. Syeda Zaineb Kubra Hussaini, Dr. Syed Najmul Hassan

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a growing health problem, particularly in developed countries. Of both Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and constitutes the majority of cases worldwide. Glycated hemoglobin (GHB), reported as HbA1c, has been used to monitor glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The concentration of HbA1c depends on both the concentration of glucose in the blood and the lifespan of the erythrocyte. Because erythrocytes are in the circulation for approximately 4 months, HbA1c represents the integrated glucose concentration over the preceding 2 to 3 months. Objective: To find out the control of Diabetes using HbA1c Levels in randomly selected patients with hyperglycemia at admission. Methods: A hospital based random study of utility of HbA1c levels in diabetic patients at Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre. The study was conducted in 100 patients of either sex aged > 18 years. Subjects with a FBS >110 mg/dl, PLBS >150 mg/dl, diabetic diet and previously diagnosed with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes were included in the study. Patients were further excluded for unwillingness to provide oral informed consent or to undergo further testing for HbA1c level, FBS, PLBS if required and pregnant females were excluded. Patients who had hemoglobin of 13 g/dL or less (male) or hemoglobin of 12 g/dL or less (female), were also excluded from this study because of the possible influence of all these factors on HbA1c and insulin. HbA1c was measured for all patients randomly. Results: A total of 100 patients of which 51% were males and 49% were females. Based on the Fasting Blood Sugar values, the majority of patients had their values in the range between 131-140mg/dl and >160mg/dl. Based on the Post-Lunch Blood Sugar values, the majority of patients had their values >160mg/dl. Based on the HbA1c Levels, 10 patients had HbA1c levels < 7%(Non-Diabetic), 16 patients had HbA1c levels 7-8%(Good Control), 39 patients had HbA1c levels 8-9%(Fair Control), 35 patients had HbA1c levels 10% and Above(Poor Control). Conclusion: Random study of 100 patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, at Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre was done. Of them 4% patients were detected Denovo and 7% patients were Type 1 Diabetes mellitus and 89% patients were Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. 97% patients were on insulin and 32% patients were on oral hypoglycemic agents. However, HbA1c levels can be useful for Health care providers for early initiation of diagnosis and treatment of Diabetes.

Keywords: Glycated hemoglobin, Diabetes Mellitus, Fasting blood sugar.