Abstract

EFFECT OF CARBON SOURCE AND INCUBATION TEMPERATURE ON TOTAL CONTENT OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF CALLUS CULTURE OF SOLANUM NIGRUM

Mohd Amir, Mohd Aqil, Mohd Vaseem Ismail, Mohd Akhtar, Anwar Husain Khan, Mohd Mujeeb*

Abstract

Solanum nigrum (Solanaceae) is known as black nightshade. The plant is extensively used to treat severe diseases such as pain, inflammation and fever. The plant is also used as an antitumorigenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and antipyretic agent. The present study was designed to observe the effects of carbon source and incubation temperature on callus growth, and secondary metabolite content in S. nigrum. Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators and various concentrations of glucose, sucrose, and fructose was used for the study. The incubation temperatures such as 20, 25, 30 and 35°C were used on callus culture of S. nigrum for assessment of total phenolic, flavonoids and alkaloid content. The weight of biomass produced and content of secondary metabolites were determined. The results revealed that sucrose was superior to glucose and fructose for callus growth and secondary metabolites formation, and the optimum concentration of sucrose was 3%.The optimum incubation temperature was 30°C for the production of biomass and secondary metabolites. It can be concluded that sucrose as carbon source was superior to glucose and fructose for callus growth and secondary metabolite accumulation.

Keywords: Solanum nigrum L, Total phenolics, Flavonoids, Alkaloids. Secondary metabolites.