Abstract

SMART INSULIN: A TOOL FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HYPOGLYCEMIA AND DIABETES MELLITUS

Vikas Mishra*, Alok Raghav, Brajesh Singh, Anup Mishra, and Sachin Gupta

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus management is associated with the episodes of hypoglycemia. The hypoglycemia complications associated are higher in elderly and also in some cases of type 1 diabetes subjects. Furthermore, prolong insulin deficiency and longer disease duration increase the risk of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes and its associated complications is the possible cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This calls for a resolute action in part of its therapeutic potential. To curb the increased episodes of diabetes and its associated complications, cost-effective and minimal tedious interventions are needed for its efficient management and to slow down its rate of prevalence. The epidemiological analysis of diabetes mellitus episodes enables the researchers to develop the smart insulin. Smart insulin is the best option to minimize the episodes of hypoglycemia and diabetes associated complications. Besides associated micro-vascular and macro-vascular complications with diabetes, hypoglycemia is among the most important complication in patients relying on insulin action. It is commonly prevalent in elderly population, type 1 diabetic subjects and with those having co-morbidities. Subsequent episodes of hypoglycemia may lead to even deaths. Smart insulin is also known as glucose-responsive insulin that is being designed on the situation and need. It automatically turns on when the glucose level reaches to maximum and, it turn off when glucose level reaches to normal. This insulin could make a remarkable history and ensure for a perfect glycemic control throughout the life span. The smart insulin working depends on the principle of sensing of glucose. When the concentration of glucose is low a signal goes to some binding element having biodegradable material that attached to insulin molecules and prohibits its action. During high glucose concentration the binding element attached to insulin detached and enables the insulin to perform its function.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; hypoglycemia; smart insulin.