Abstract

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN OF UROPATHOGENS IN UTI

Ruby Varghese*, Chakrapani Konduru, Ancy Varghese, Arvind Kumar Gaur and Varghese Titus

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common infectious diseases diagnosed in outpatients as well as in hospitalized patients, and can lead to significant mortality. UTI account for a large proportion of antibacterial drug consumption and have large socioeconomic impacts. UTIs refer to the presence of microbial pathogens within the urinary tract and it is usually classified by the infection site:- bladder (cystitis), kidney (pyelonephritis), or urine (bacteriuria) and also can be asymptomatic or symptomatic, UTIs that occur in a normal genitourinary tract with no prior instrumentation are considered as “uncomplicated,” whereas “complicated” infections are diagnosed in genitourinary tracts that have structural or functional abnormalities, including instrumentation such as indwelling urethral catheters, and are frequently asymptomatic. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections affecting different age group of the patients. The international studies have shown that UTIs in women are very common; therefore, one in five adult women experience UTI in her life and it is extremely common, clinically apparent, worldwide patient problem. More than 95% of urinary tract infections are caused by a single bacterial species. E. coli is the most frequent infecting organism in acute infection Klebsiella, Staphylococci, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, and Enterococci species are more often isolated from inpatients. The relative frequency of the pathogens varies depending upon age, sex, catheterization, and hospitalization. The most frequent uropathogens were Gram negatives of all the isolates. E. coli was the most common bacteria isolated from urine samples in both outpatients and inpatients of both sexes.

Keywords: E. coli, Urinary tract infections, uropathogens, Nitrofurantoin.